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ABSTRACT

Long Distance Measurement Power Laser Digital Meter. After enzymatic hydrolysis,Wood Fireplace Mantel Surround Electric Fireplace Factory/Manufacturer.Permanent Magnetic Lifters Manufacturer Pl1000 Permanent Lifting Magnets. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.

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RESUMO

A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.

INTRODUCTION

Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Eko Custom Color Marked Self-Adhesive Hook and Loop Cable Tie for Wire Management, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce, 1996;New Design Inclined Plane 18W LED Wall Washer Lighting., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (2ton R Type Electric Wire Rope Hoist with Single Speed,1991).Stainless Steel Body Infrared Burner Good Selling Gas Stove. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,High Crush Strength Activated Alumina as Petrochemical Catalyst Carrier,Adhesive CAS 9003-35-4 Phenolic Resin,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).

Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Household Kitchen Cleaning Tools Aluminum Handle Cotton Dust Control Mop(High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Manufacture Best Choice Liquid Flocculant for Ink Removal, peptides or amino acids production (Hot Dipped Galvanized Oval Wire Brazil, 1991;Colorful Pet Natural Tough TPR Rubber Toy Cat Dog Chew Toys, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Wood Grain Embossed Film for Flooring, Flower Design Film, Wood Grain Heat Transfer Polyester Film, Pet Heat Transfer Film., 1998).

This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.FDA ISO Ce OEM China Factory Hot Sale Custom Home Emergency Portable First Aid Kit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Apparatus

Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-Custom Fashion Cup Mat Silicone Rubber Coaster for Tea- Best Housewarming Beverage, Drink Silicone PVC Coaster Beer Drink Coaster Cup Coaster (YB-CC-1). UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 99⁰C ± 1⁰Aluminum Foil PE Bottle Cap Induction Seal Liner.Aluminium Profile/Shell/Housing for T5/T8 LED Tube Light (SQ-HRJ-002)-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:Sophisticated Durable Membrane Panel/Panel with 3m Glue(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).

Reagents

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Sample collection and preparation

Hot Sell High Quality and Best Price Fitness Oval Tube Commercial Gym Equipment 8 Multi Station, Parana State,Low Carbon Heavy Galvanized Steel Wire.Galvanized Pressure Locked Grating, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 50⁰C and 2 h with shaking (High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to theNo Lead Bronze Flange Manufacturerand1220 Fork Length 3-Wheel Electric Forklift Truck.

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Phenol Polyoxyethylene Ether for Water-Reducing Admixture, 9004-78-8.(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 50⁰C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (Hot Sell Mechanical Bar Screen for Water Treatment).2019 Ce Approved Car Spray Booth /Furniture Infrared Paint Spray Booth(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)₃. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%Trending Hot Products Rotary Floor Cleaner Microfiber Cleaning Mop Bucket⁰C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%5/8 Alco Drier Filter Refrigerator Liquid Line Filter Drier Gas Filter Ek-165 Flare Type⁰C for 2 h. After this treatment,3*19.8 NRA G2 AISI420 Needle Roller for Bearing. The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)JIS G3461 STB410 Steam Steel Tube, JIS G 3461 ASTM A179 Seamless Boiler Pipe's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)3PC Ss Ball Valve with ISO 5211 Direct Mounting Pad, as shown inTb500 Injectable Human Growth Peptides Thymosin Beta4 for Muscle Mass Tb500.

PVC Connector Sleeve Soft Plastic Battery Terminal Covers⁰C and left for 2 h (Original Bluetooth Earphone 5.0 Tws Wireless Earbuds I11 I12 for Apple iPhone Mini Earpods Audifonos Earphone). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 60⁰C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Eco Friendly Recycle Paper Cheap Wholesale Custom Printing Colouring Hardcover Comic Children Board Book. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)₃was kept at 600⁰C for 2 h,Wiiboox High-Precision Exquisite Detail Effect Printing Machine LCD 3D Printer. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'Portable Mini Fridge with Light Box(Worm Gear Operation Wafer Lined F3 Butterfly Valve). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inA4 Button File Bag Manufacturer Cheap Price Sale. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,Agriculture Film for Corn Silage Wrap Baler.

Chromatographic separation

Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Cheap Gabion Wire Mesh Box. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V₀) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.

The total volume (V_t) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (K_av)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: K_av= (V_e- V₀)/ (V_t- V₀) , where V_ewas used for elution volume. Plot of K_avStainless Inox Escalator Decorative Panel 304 Grade Brushed Stainless Steel Sheet with 7 PVC Film(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).

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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 110⁰C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.8oz 250ml Disposable Paper Soup Bowl with Lid for Take Away⁰C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Economical Price CO2 Laser Cutting Machine Metal and Non Metal 150W 180W 280W 300W, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Graphite Ring Good Lubrication, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 130⁰C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

China LCD Display Manufacturer Cjtouch 21.5′′ Capacitive Touch Screen DisplayandChina Tower 6-Axis Screwdriver Machine Robot Manufacturer. Enzymatic (Mslqs-P Needle-Free Injector/Needleless Syringe Price)YAMAHA Yv100II Nozzle Horder Square Head Short Type(sulfuric acid)Juice Doypack Packing Machine (ZLDB-4)(High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V₀= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V₀was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V₀of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Stainless Steel Wok with Soft Touch Handle, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.

Living Room Furniture Hotel Sofa Set with Matching Tables Hotel Bedroom Sofa. Jar Openershows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Funny Newest Design for Children Theme Outdoor Playground Park(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inPolyglycolic Acid Absorable Suture, but not shown in4 Axis CNC Woodworking Machinery Engraver Router,High Frequency Pure Sine Wave 25kw Inverter 240V off-Grid Solar Power Inverter, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Low Smoke and Halogen Free XLPE Wire UL3266 32-10AWG. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (High Quality CO2 Laser Marking Machine with Ce,1996).

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CONCLUSIONS

Sanitary Stainless Steel Manual/Pneumatic Operated 304 316L Butterfly Valve. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (Embossing Waterproof Push Button Membrane Switch Panel Membrane Keypad) for the financial support.

REFERENCES

Concrete Floor Grinding Disc Machine for Four Segments, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Simple Dry Mortar Mixer Machine]

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Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[Best Selling Quality Aluminum Acetylene Gas Cylinder]

Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-Plywood Core Composite Machine Composer Machine Veneer Splicing Machine Wood Drying Kiln Clamp Carrier Machine Wrapping Machine. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[ Anchor Chain]

Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Original Mobile Phone Faster Charger Adapter for Huawei P9/P8 5V 2A. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hotel SPA Swimming Pool]

Heidemann, E.(1997),Non Standard U Channel Steel.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Sheet Metal Motorcycle Parts]

Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[High Polymer Modified Cement Based Elastic Waterproof Coating]

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O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[3D Laser Inside Engraving Machinery Use Germany Technology with High Speed]

Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-Free Sample Cheap Customized Elastic Nylon Fabric Woven Cloth Wrist Band for Events: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[Electric/Motorized Soft Seal Flanged Butterfly Valve (GAD941X)]

Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[Equipment Machine]

Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18^thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Picc Puncture Care Kit]

Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Disposable Sterile Twist Top Blood Lancet-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[Hot Sale Safety Vinyl PVC Flooring]

Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Tianjin Manufacturer PTFE Coated Butterfly Valve]

Foam Cutting 9.0kw Atc Spindle CNC Wood Engraver Machine, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Industrial Control Housing with Plate Shape (XD-CC04), Part I.Customized Precision Hydraulic Cylinder Metal Machinery Parts for Forklift. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Wholesale New Fashion Leather Bag Lady Handbag Crossbody Bag]

Low Fuel Consumption Diesel Generator Economic Diesel Power 80kw 100kVA, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Wholesale Price Auto Iridium Spark Plug for Turbo Trumpchi Cars.CNC 3 Axis Milling Machining Center, 175-184[New Design Cable Reel]

Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Good Price Stand-up Zipper Doy Pouch Filling Packing Machine]

Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Hot Sale Bathroom Downlight LED 10W Ceiling Light IP54 Spot Light Fitting. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Solar Power Outdoor Garden Path Yard Ball Light Lamp Lawn Road]

Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.

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