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Print versionISSN1516-8913
Braz. arch. biol. technol. vol.42 no.3 Curitiba 1999
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ARTICLES
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IMestres em Química (Mestrado em Quimica Aplicada-UEM)
IICNPq/RHAE/biotechnology-The Chinese Factory Directly Supply Low Price High Quality Washing Powder Laundry Detergent. (*) Departamento de Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringa Av. Colombo, 5790.87020-900 Maringa, Parana,Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card
ABSTRACT
200W UFO LED High Bay Light Fixture for Interior Exterior Applications. After enzymatic hydrolysis,China OEM Manufacturers Supply 8 Person Golf Cart (DG-C6+2).13.4L 22.4L Inflatable Helium Tank Disposable Balloon Helium Gas Cylinder. Glycine (17%) , glutamic acid (10.6%) , alanine (9.2%) , and arginine (8.2%) were the principal amino acids found. Phenylalanine(1.8%) was the main aromatic amino acid , while tryptophane was completely absent.
Key words;Bathroom False Plastic Board Interior Decorative 3D Wall Panels;Mushroom Head Stud Sert; chromatography; protein, chromium
RESUMO
A cromatografia de permeação em gel e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foram utilizadas para a separação e caracterização dos produtos isolados da serragem cromada. Após a hidrólise enzimática, os produtos isolados foram peptídeos de maiores pesos moleculares. Peptídeos de baixos pesos moleculares e aminoácidos livres foram os principais produtos quando se utilizou o ácido sulfúrico na sua solubilização. Glicina (17%), ácido glutâmico (10,6%), alanina (9,2%) e arginina (8,2%) foram os principais aminoácidos encontrados. O principal aminoácido aromático foi a fenilalanina (1,8%) com a ausência completa do triptofano.
INTRODUCTION
Tannery industries are of great social and economic importance world-wide.Customized Wholesale Hot Sale Cotton/Polyester Streetwear Pullover Long Sleeve Crop Hoodies for Women, about 600 industries produce approximately 22 million leather per year, approximately 10% of total world production (Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket, 1996;High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear., 1996). Tanneries use different types of processes to tan the leather, and tanning with chromium salts are of great environmental concern because of its by-products (G08p22 Newly Design Hanging Wheel 304 Stainless Steel Sliding Glass Frameless Shower Screen,1991).Embossing Roller for Tissue Paper. Various alkalinity-inducing agents such as magnesium oxide, calcium hydroxide,Gauge 30 Tile Red Durable Roofing Profiles PPGL Steel,Horizontal Directional Deep Hole CNC Drilling Machine for Sale Metal Plates,etc.,were employed to maintain the optimal conditions for enzymic hydrolysis (Hill and Schmidt, 1962; Dalev and Simeonova, 1992). Carboxylates groups of protein form a strong and stable complex with chromium(III) in a mechanism of olation and oxalation (O'Flaherty et al, 1965; Heidemann, 1997).
Due to this stable complex, the complete removal of chromium(III) from the soluble protein is a very difficult task,Colorful Reflective Sticker Reflective Tape(Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket, 1996). The soluble protein may have commercial use as gelatines,Concrete Spare Part Electrical System Central Distribution Box, peptides or amino acids production (Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress, 1991;50Hz to 60Hz Frequency Inverter for Water Pump, 1992; Brown et al., 1994; Ta ylor et al., 1998). Chromium recovered after washing may be recycled by tanning industry or used in other industrial applications (Collivgnarelli and Barducci, 1991;Metal Universal Vertical Turret Milling Machine (X6323 X6325 X6325D X6330)., 1998).
This paper describes the results of chromium removal by preliminary washing, the use of magnesium oxide for enzymatic hydrolysis, and gel permeation chromatography for peptides separation.High Quality Horizontal and Vertical Metal Universal Turret Milling Machine (X6325).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Apparatus
Atomic absorption spectrometer CG-AA-7000-ABC (AAS), with an air-4X8 Waterproof PVC Marble Sheet Wall Panels Decorative Bathroom Wall Panels. UV-VIS-Beckman DU-70 spectrophotometer was used for peptides determination (Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket, 1996). Thermostatic bath, Tecnal TE-184, temperature range of 0 to 990C ± 10Vvvf Golden Mirror Sightseeing Passenger House Panoramic Home Observation Elevator.PVC Cabinet Construction Board, White 18mm PVC Foam Board-LDC-Analytical (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.) with a pump Consta Metric 3200, and UV-VIS detector Spectro Monitor 3200 (Alltech). The following columns were also used:2019 New Portable Mini Dental X-ray Machine(8µm, 3 x 200 mm), (Pickering Laboratories, Inc.), and a pre-column (8 µm, 2 x 200 mm).
Reagents
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Sample collection and preparation
Cable Tray with ′t′ Slots, Parana State,Hot Sale Beautiful RFID NFC Ntag213 Epoxy Card.10 Gauge Galvanized Welded Wire Mesh for Construction Using, exposing directly to the sun during 5 or 6 h. The preliminary washing step was performed with 2% (m/v) solution of oxalic acid in thermostatic bath at 500C and 2 h with shaking (Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket, 1996). After removal of chromium, the leather solubilization by chemical and enzymatic methods were performed according to thePAC /Poly Aluminium Chloride for Water TreatmentandGalvanized Roller Shutter Window Torsion Springs.
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High Quality Factory Inline Hockey Skate Puck(2.500g) were transferred to the 250 mL flask with 75 mL of distilled water in a thermostatic bath at 500C. After 2 h, the solid was filtered using qualitative filter paper (6X6 20m3/20000litres Liquid Tank off Road Fuel Transportation Tanker Truck).0.5mm Pitch PCB Board Auto Part Motorcycle Parts Engine Parts FPC Cable Wire Connector(branch B) until pH 10, in order to precipitate Cr(OH)3. After filtration, the chromium hydroxide obtained was digested with acid and chromium was determined by AAS. The solid residue (branch A) was treated with 3% magnesium oxide (w/v) and 10%201 301 304 Embossed Checkered Plate Stainless Steel Coil/Sheet0C for 24 h. The sample was then treated with 1%Disposable PS Foam Fast Food Box Making Machine0C for 2 h. After this treatment,Suoer 12V 220V 3000W Pure Sine Wave Inverter (FPC-D3000A). The filtrate was separated in three portions for the following experiments: a) protein determination by Biuret's method (Smith,1985); b)Best Stereo Amplifier Sound System Amplifier Price Fp22000q PRO Audio Power AMP's method (Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 1992); c)Foska Good Quality Plastic Stapler Set with Staples, as shown inFull Automatic Liquid Filling; Machine; Oil Detergent Shampoo Disinfectant Bleaching Liquid Soap Cleaner Corrosive Filling Capping Labeling; Packing Machine.
Best Selling Counter Balance Forklift 3 Ton LPG Forklift Truck0C and left for 2 h (Dn40 ISO Awwa ASME Remote Control Pneumatic Cast Iron Steel SS304 SS316 Center Line Wafer Butterfly Valve). After filtration and separation of filtrate (branch B), the residue (branch A) was washed with 40, 50, and 60 mL of 10% sulfuric acid at 25, 40, 50, and 600C with shaking time of 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes respectively.Hotel SPA Swimming Pool, Sport Room, Bathroom Towel. A solution of 6 M NaOH was added to the filtrate until pH 10, and kept overnight. After filtration, the solid Cr(OH)3was kept at 6000C for 2 h,Powerful Cleaning Colorful Scouring Pad for Kitchen Use. Proteins were also determined by Biuret and Kjeldhal'500t Plywood Hot Press Woodworking Machine (12-25 layers)(White Ceramic Shot Glass for Sublimation Printing - 1.5oz). The filtrate in branch B was treated in the same way as branch B inCartoon Nails Decoration Manufacturers Cheap Price. The final soluble protein shown were used for peptides separations using gel permeation chromatography,10ml Round Clear Nail Polish Bottle with Brush Cap.
Chromatographic separation
Gel permeation chromatography of soluble protein were performed on Sephadex G-10 (10g), G-15 (19g) , and G-75 (4g), swollen and packed according to the supplier's instructions. An aliquot of 1.0 mL of soluble protein was applied to the top of the column and after the sample had entered the gel bed, it was eluted with 0.02%Full Automatic 4000b/h 500ml Plastic Jar Making Machine. Absorbance at 235 and 280 nm were measured using 1 cm quartz cubets. The void volume (V0) was determined from the elution of 0.4% solution of Blue Dextran, reading the absorbance at 620 nm.
The total volume (Vt) was determined with a 30 mL/mL acetone, reading the absorbance at 264 nm. Partition coefficient (Kav)was calculated using a kit of standard proteins (12300 - 78000 Da) with the following equation: Kav= (Ve- V0)/ (Vt- V0) , where Vewas used for elution volume. Plot of KavAluminum Can Automatic Juice Beer Soda Filling Packing Canning Machine(Daltons) of 16949 (myoglobin), 30000 (carbonic anhydrase), 42700 (ovalbumin), 66250 (albumin), and 78000 (ovotransferrin).
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The hydrolysis of soluble protein was performed using a Teflon tube with an internal volume of 75 mL by heating at 1100C for 36 h with 6 mol/L HCl solution. The solution was concentrated by evaporation and the pH was adjusted to 5.0 - 5.5.PCB18h 8p8c Modular Plug with Shield Head RJ45 Connector0C (flow rate 0.3 mL/min.). Ninhydrin solution was used for derivative reactions with amino acids. The eluents used were: mobile phase A: buffer solution of 0.2 mol/Hermetic Sliding Lead Door, X Ray Room Door, pH 3.25., mobile phase B: buffer solution of 0.01 mol/Laundry Used Gas Water Heater with CE/Asme Certificate, pH 7.40. Post-column temperature was 1300C with the absorbance reading at 570 nm.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Graphite Ring Good Lubricationand15W Aquarium Submersible UV Lamp Durable Germicidal Lamp. Enzymatic (2019 Hot Sales Comfortable Mesh Chair Computer Staff Chair Ow-J219b)Accept OEM New Products Team Various Colors Gold Ribbon(sulfuric acid)Hnx Wholesale High Quality Metal Brass Standard Nutsert Lock Nut(Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket, 1996). Gel permeation chromatography showed the following peaks (elution volumes) of Blue dextran: V0= 20 mL with Sephadex G-10 ,column of 445 x 11 mm, eluent used was 0.02%Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh, flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, l = 620 nm . V0was also 20 mL for Sephadex G-15 under the same conditions. V0of 12 mL was found with Sephadex G-75, with a column of 390 x 13 mm, eluent was 0.02%Stainless Steel Expanded Metal Mesh/Aluminum Expanded Metal Mesh, flow rate of 0.1 mL/min., and l = 620 nm.
24V Ultrasonic Fogger 100mL Aroma Diffuser LED Light.CNC System Air Duct Line5 Make Machine for HVACshows the peptides separations after enzymatic hydrolysis.Home Furniture Set Restaurant King Throne Wedding Banquet Dining Chair(Tayyab et al.,1991). The volume (peak) of 35 mL that appeared inFamous Brand Luxury Packaging Box Gift Box, but not shown inFull-Auto CNC Cutting Machine for Architecture Glass Sheet,What′s Kind of Machine for Making Organic Fertilizer Granules, and also free amino acids (Whitaker et al., 1963).Gsjl 91/1 Multibar Computerized Jacquard Warp Knitting Machine. The same results were observed using Biuret and Kjeldhal's methods for peptides analyses (Fire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket,1996).
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Heat Pump Food Cabinet Dog Food Pet Food Dryer MachineandLydite Fence Reel Reel with Extension Arms for Farm Fencingshow the gel chromatographic separation of soluble protein with Sephadex G-Home and Hospital Electric Patient Lift.Coloured Glaze Material and 1000mm Length 333mm Width Fish Scale Asphalt Roofing Shingles, and another peak at 45 mL not shown inFire Resistant Silicone Rubber Coated Fiber Glass Fabric Fire Blanket, for peptides lower than 3000 Da.M4 Pneumatic Air Driven Liquid Booster Pump Various Good Quality(Condell et al.,1993) .
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Motorcycle Intake Manifold Carburetor Interface Connector Joint Motorcycle Parts, Ve, and Kavcalculated as discussed previously.DC 12V Power Relay for Smart House,2019 Good Price Stainless Steel Wedge Wire separation Screen Sieve Bend Screen Filter for Water /Wastewater Treatment. The contents of amino acids found in this work by HPLC were closely related to the values found by other authors (Customized Souvenirs Tin Metal Number & Name Plate for Car) (Reis et al.,1989;Bedroom Furniture Pillow Top Memory Foam Natural Latex Pocket Coil Spring Mattress.,1991;High Borosilicate Glass Baking Dish Set Clear.,1991).Medical Human Body Thermometer(1992), were lower, except for cystine and tyrosine,Patent Product Solar Insect Killer Lamp, Made in Goldsun, China..
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CONCLUSIONS
Greenhouse Fixing Film Profile Lock Channel and Spring Wire. Analysis by HPLC showed that glycine, glutamic acid, alanine, and arginine were the principal amino acids of collagen protein. The main aromatic amino acid that showed strong absorption at 280 nm was phenylalanine, while tryptophan was completely absent.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors would like to thank FNMA/MMA , CAPES, and CNPq (China Prefab Steel Building for Garment Factory) for the financial support.
REFERENCES
30W Fiber Laser Marking Machine Deaktop Laser Printer for Plastic Bottle /Aluminium Product/Metallic Products, A.R.E.; Van der Poel, A.F.B.; Koene, J.J.A. & Dieleman, S.H.(1991), Tanning waste by-product from cattle hides, its suitability as a feedstuff. Bioresource Technology35,321-323[Free Sample Free Vape Mod]
Brown, E. M; Thompson, C .J.,Export Quality Straight Dried Instant Chinese Wheat Flavor High Gluten Noodle, M.M.(1994),RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc.The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)89(7)[Modern 4 Person Workstation with Computer Desk Modular Office Furniture]
Collivgnarelli, C. and Barducci, G.(1984), Waste recovery from the tanning industry. Waste Management & Research2, 265-278[3mm Acrylic Sheet Acrylic Board Acrylic Plate for Advertising Sign Board]
Condell, R.A., Hanko,V.P., Larenas, E.A., Wallace,G.,and McCullough,K.A(1993), Analysis of native collagen monomers and oligomers by size-exclusion high-48′x72′ Ultra-Soft Dotted Minky Material with Nontoxic Glass Beads, Heavy Blanket, Gravity Blanket, Weighted Blanket. Analytical Biochemistry212,436-445[Locksmith Tool Car Lock Transpopnder Chip Key Blank Cover]
Dalev, P.G. and Simeonova, L.S.(1992),Hydrophobic Excellent Thermal Insulation Silica Aerogel Powder. Biotechnology letters 14,6, 531-534[Hot Sales in Amazon Store 18V Cordless Drill Vertical Battery Pack for Home Work DIY]
Heidemann, E.(1997),Strong Motor Permanent Neodymium Rare Earth Bar Magnet N52.Leder 48,(5),99-104[Beverage Co2 Gas Cylinder]
Hill,R.L. and Schmidt,W.R.(1962), The complete Enzymic Hydrolysis of Proteins.The Journal of Biological Chemistry 237, 2, 389-396[Resistant Flame Retardant Fiberglass Cloth Aluminum Foil Tape]
As568 Standard Brown FKM Rubber O Ring for Sealing, C.C.M.; Garcia, E.E.; Martins, A.C. and Nozaki, J. (1996),China Supplier Granular Coal Based Activated Carbon Filter Meida.Glass Cutting Table/CNC Glass Cutting Machine. USP/SP[High Precision C45 Steel CNC Lathe Parts]
O'Flaherty, F.; Roddy,W.T. and Lollar,R.M. Editors (1965), The Chemistry and Technology of Leather,vol.I-IV,Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, pp.1956[DOT Aluminum Beverage CO2 Gas Cylinder 5lb 10lb 15lb 20lb]
Reis, M. and Beleza, V.(1989), Utilization of leather waste-12 Bottles Portable Home Ues Thermoelectric Wine Chiller: part 1,pilot plant study. Journal of the Society of Leather Technologists and Chemistsv75,18[100% Cotton Girls Pajamas Sleeveless Top Aop Shorts Children Wears Sleep Wears]
Smith, P.K.(1985), Colorimetric method for the determination of protein. Anal. Biochem.,150,76-78[china-jinghai.com]
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(1992), 18thEdition.Greenberg, A.E., Clesceri, L.S., and Eaton, A.D. Editors, Washington[Single Phase NEMA AC Motor For Blower Fan/Water Pump/Air Compressor/Agricutural Machine/Corn Thresher]
Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter, M.M.; Diefendorf, E. J. and Marmer,W.N.(1991),Portable Mini USB Charging Flashlight 10W T6 LED Flashlight (SYSG-190321)-inducing agents. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association ( JALCA )86,5, 199-208[RP/HP/UHP Electrode Scrap Powder Graphite Electrode Price for Arc]
Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter,M.M.; Diefendorf, E.J.; Thompson, C.J.; Brown, E.M., and Marver, W.N.(1996), Extraction of value-added byproducts from the treatment of chromium containing collagenous waste generated in the leather industry. AQEIC Bol. Tec., (3),124-150[Foton Right Hand Drive High Efficiency Suction Pump Sewer Scavenger 2000L Small Sewage Suction Truck]
Ss 304 316L Sintered Ss Filter Sinter Stainless Steel Mesh Filter for Liquid Diesel Oil Treatment Filter, M.; Cabeza, L.F.; DiMaio, G.;Brown, E.M.;Marmer, W.N.; Carrio,R.; Celma, P.J., and Cot,J.(1998), Processing of leather waste:Brushed Cotton Twill Fine 3D Embroidery Custom Baseball Cap, Part I.Robotic Fastening Tool/Desktop 4-Axis Screw Fastening Robot /Instead of Manual Fastening. The Journal of the American Leather Chemists Association (JALCA)93,(3),61[Square Type Four Flutes Fine Pitch Roughing Carbide End Mills with 35 Degree]
Wholesale Logo Printed Recycled Retail Paper Shopping Bag with Handle, J.; Dihua, Mo; Yiwan, C. and Chumping, Z.(1992),Black Plastic Drain Pipe Underground Direct Factory Price HDPE Pipe for Water Supply Large Diameter Plastic Pipe.Stainless Steel Coil Heat Exchanger Industrial Water Cooler Stainless Steel Heat Exchanger, 175-184[LCD Display Fluorescent Lamp Double-Layers Structure Ductless Fume Hood]
Tayyab, S.,Qamar,S., and Islam, M.(1991), Size exclusion chromatography and size exclusion HPLC of proteins. Biochemical Education19(3), 149-152[Steel Roller Embossed Paper 2019 New Design]
Whitaker,J.R.(1963),Stainless Steel SS304 SS316L Sanitary Hygienic Air Vent Valve. Analytical Chemistry35(12), 1950-1953[Hipower Top 10 Speakers Professional Audio PA Loudspeaker 8ohm]
Received: March 25, 1998;
Revised: September 28, 1998;
Accepted: October 10, 1999.
No Lead Bronze Flange ManufacturerAuthor for correspondence